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<title>Lusaka Declaration</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Lusaka Declaration</span></span>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the 1979 declaration of the Commonwealth of Nations on human rights and white supremacy rule. For the 1969 declaration of African heads of State on the same issue, see <a href="Lusaka_Manifesto" title="Lusaka Manifesto">Lusaka Manifesto</a>. For the 1994 Angola ceasefire agreement, see <a href="Lusaka_Protocol" title="Lusaka Protocol">Lusaka Protocol</a>.</div>

<p>The <b>Lusaka Declaration of the Commonwealth on Racism and Racial Prejudice</b> (short: the <b>Lusaka Declaration</b>) was a declaration of the <a href="Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a> on the issues of <a href="Racism" title="Racism">racism</a> and <a href="Egalitarianism" title="Egalitarianism">egalitarianism</a> within and between Commonwealth member states. It was agreed and issued on 7 August 1979 in <a href="Lusaka" title="Lusaka">Lusaka</a>, <a href="Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a>, at the conclusion of the fifth <a href="Commonwealth_Heads_of_Government_Meeting" title="Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting">Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting</a> (CHOGM).

</p><p>The declaration followed the 1971 <a href="Singapore_Declaration" title="Singapore Declaration">Singapore Declaration</a>, which laid out the first political, social, and economic <a href="Commonwealth_of_Nations_membership_criteria" title="Commonwealth of Nations membership criteria">membership criteria</a>. In that document, three paragraphs were dedicated to egalitarianism of all forms, of which, one was concentrated entirely upon racism.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The impending collapse of the breakaway government of <a href="Rhodesia" title="Rhodesia">Rhodesia</a> (then styled as '<a href="Zimbabwe_Rhodesia" title="Zimbabwe Rhodesia">Zimbabwe Rhodesia</a>' under the <a href="Internal_Settlement" title="Internal Settlement">Internal Settlement</a>) was seen as demanding a restatement of the Commonwealth's principles of racial equality, and so the Lusaka Declaration was made to further expound and clarify the Heads of Governments' position.

</p><p>The first article of the declaration demanded <a href="Egalitarianism" title="Egalitarianism">legal equality</a> 'without any distinction or exclusion based on race, colour, sex, descent, or national or ethnic origin'.<sup id="cite_ref-Lusaka_Declaration_text_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lusaka_Declaration_text-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It later stated that no degree of respect for separate cultures could justify racial discrimination,<sup id="cite_ref-Lusaka_Declaration_text_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lusaka_Declaration_text-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and that the 'infamous policy' of <a href="Apartheid" title="Apartheid">Apartheid</a> was an 'affront to humanity', and that it was the duty of the Commonwealth to effect its 'total eradication'.<sup id="cite_ref-Lusaka_Declaration_text_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lusaka_Declaration_text-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To compensate for the effects of past <a href="Colonialism" title="Colonialism">colonialism</a> and racism, it was agreed that special provisions may be made to achieve social and economic redress,.<sup id="cite_ref-Lusaka_Declaration_text_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lusaka_Declaration_text-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to demanding respect and equality for indigenous peoples, the Lusaka Declaration also demanded equal respect for immigrant communities.<sup id="cite_ref-Lusaka_Declaration_text_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lusaka_Declaration_text-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The declaration was accompanied by the CHOGM's general <a href="Communiqu%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Communiqué">communiqué</a>, which explicitly iterated these principles with regards to Zimbabwe,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and which led to the invitation of <a href="Abel_Muzorewa" title="Abel Muzorewa">Abel Muzorewa</a> to take part in the <a href="Lancaster_House_Agreement" title="Lancaster House Agreement">Lancaster House Conference</a>.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thecommonwealth.org/shared_asp_files/uploadedfiles/%7B49743C45-C509-4DF0-A51C-2785B45916AB%7D_singapore.pdf">"The Declaration of Commonwealth Principles, 1971"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="Commonwealth_Secretariat" title="Commonwealth Secretariat">Commonwealth Secretariat</a>. 22 January 1971<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-07-24</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Lusaka_Declaration_text-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lusaka_Declaration_text_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lusaka_Declaration_text_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lusaka_Declaration_text_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lusaka_Declaration_text_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lusaka_Declaration_text_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060930123038/http://www.thecommonwealth.org/document/34293/35468/35776/lusaka.htm">"Lusaka Declaration on Racism and Racial Prejudice"</a>. <a href="Commonwealth_Secretariat" title="Commonwealth Secretariat">Commonwealth Secretariat</a>. 7 August 1979. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thecommonwealth.org/document/34293/35468/35776/lusaka.htm">the original</a> on 30 September 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-07-24</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"The Lusaka Communique, Commonwealth Heads of Government, August 1979, on Rhodesia". <i>African Affairs</i>. <b>79</b> (314): 115. January 1980. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Foxfordjournals.afraf.a097167">10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a097167</a>. <a href="JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/721635">721635</a>.</cite></span>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060930123038/http://www.thecommonwealth.org/document/34293/35468/35776/lusaka.htm">Full text of the Lusaka Declaration</a></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Key_documents_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Nations48" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Key documents of the <a href="Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Balfour_Declaration_of_1926" title="Balfour Declaration of 1926">Balfour Declaration</a> (1926)</li>

<li><a href="Royal_and_Parliamentary_Titles_Act_1927" title="Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act 1927">Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act 1927</a> (1927)</li>

<li><a href="Statute_of_Westminster_1931" title="Statute of Westminster 1931">Statute of Westminster</a> (1931)</li>

<li><a href="London_Declaration" title="London Declaration">London Declaration</a> (1949)</li>

<li><a href="Singapore_Declaration" title="Singapore Declaration">Singapore Declaration</a> (1971)</li>

<li><a href="Langkawi_Declaration" title="Langkawi Declaration">Langkawi Declaration</a> (1989)</li>

<li><a href="Harare_Declaration" title="Harare Declaration">Harare Declaration</a> (1991)</li>

<li><a href="Millbrook_Commonwealth_Action_Programme" title="Millbrook Commonwealth Action Programme">Millbrook Action Programme</a> (1995)</li>

<li><a href="Edinburgh_Declaration" title="Edinburgh Declaration">Edinburgh Declaration</a> (1997)</li>

<li>Latimer House Principles (2003)</li>

<li><a href="Perth_Agreement" title="Perth Agreement">Perth Agreement</a> (2011)</li>

<li><a href="Charter_of_the_Commonwealth" title="Charter of the Commonwealth">Charter of the Commonwealth</a> (2013)</li></ul>

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